Planning Theory
(URBN 6600 - a Master’s-level course)

Mickey Lauria
Mlauria@uno.edu
College of Urban and Public Affairs
University of New Orleans

New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

Spring 2002

SYLLABUS
Purpose and Approach | Course Requirements | Required Texts | Class Outline and Schedule

Instructors:
Mickey Lauria, 343 Math Bldg.(280-7106) at Mlauria@uno.edu
• Mary Gail Snyder, 329 B. Math Building (280-1231) at Mgsnyder@uno.edu
• Jake Wagner, 300 Math Bldg. (280-6660) at Jawagner@uno.edu

Departmental website: http://www.uno.edu/~cupa/faculty.html

Class Meeting Times: Tuesday 5:30 - 8:15 p.m. at 226 Math Building
Office Hours: Tuesdays 4-5:00 p.m. and after class or by appointment.



PURPOSE OF THE COURSE

The course is designed to provide the student with a brief survey of the history of planning and a review of the central issues in planning theory as they relate to planning practice. The seminar will focus on the historical development of planning theory, the various roles planners play in practice, and the ethical dilemmas they face. Emphasis will be placed on making sense out of theory and practice.

Approach
All students are expected to come prepared for class. For eight of the fourteen class periods, each student will be required to write a short memo and share it with fellow students via E-MAIL prior to the seminar discussion. Depending on the size of the seminar, and to ensure the widest possible participation, we may meet in groups of four or five for 20-25 minutes for small group discussion. After the small group discussion, we will get together, and on the basis of the different small group discussions, develop a general discussion agenda. Our first project will be to clarify the argument being presented, answer specific questions about the topic, and get our definitions straight. Then we will move into the evaluative phase of discussion, in which we will both appreciate and criticize the works we have read. Finally, we will try to summarize what we think about the particular topic under discussion.


COURSE REQUIREMENTS
Memos | Projects | Required Texts

The formal requirements of the course are:

1. Class participation (including presentations) - 20%.
2. Planning theory memos (8) - 40%.
3. Group planning problem/project justification - 10%
4. Group planning problem/project solution set - 10%
5. Individual planning problem/project essay - 20%



Weekly Memos
Good discussions depend on participants being prepared. Writing up your thoughts about the readings contributes to this process and enables you to come in with a clear idea of questions and comments that you would like to raise. These memos need not be summaries of the week’s readings; in fact, more interesting are reactions to specific arguments and comparisons of different authors. In other words, these are opportunities for you to practice your evaluative skills: appreciating the work and achievements of the authors we read, as well as criticizing their arguments, use of evidence, etc. We will arrange to share these memos through E-MAIL. In order for everyone to have time to read over others’ comments, these memos will be due by 7:00 pm. on Monday (the day prior to the seminar). These memos are a real requirement and may not be handed in late (if it is late for any reason, I will consider it one of the opportunities that you have to not write memos). For the weeks that you choose not to write a memo, please distribute to the class three written questions concerning the materials to be discussed. Each memo is worth five points.

Group Planning Problem/Project and Individual Essay
Project groups will consist of four students each. The first two assignments are group projects to be graded as a group: the third assignment will be individually developed and evaluated.
  • The first assignment will be to develop a local planning problem/project case study (e.g., Formosa Plastics, Albertsons, Agricultural Street, Riverfront Expressway, IHNC Lock Replacement Project, Harrah’s Casino, French Quarter Developments, The Causeway Expansion). The case study will be evaluated on, and thus you will need to construct an argument for, the appropriateness of the problem/project; case study materials/documents and their adequacy for evaluation purposes; and the complexity of the case. This portion of the project is due February 19, 2002.


  • The second assignment will be to construct and justify a resolution or solution set for the problem/project. This portion of the project is due March 12, 2002.


  • The third assignment is to write an essay evaluating the adequacy of planning theory in identifying the problem and constructing the resolution or solution set. The essay presentations will be due April 30, 2002.


REQUIRED TEXTS

Beatley, Timothy
1994. Ethical Land Use: Principles of Policy and Planning.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Campbell, Scott, and Susan Fainstein
1996. Readings in Planning Theory.
Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers.

Hall, Peter Geoffrey.
1996. Cities of Tomorrow: An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century.
Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers.

Krumholz, Norman, and Pierre Clavel
1994. Reinventing Cities: Equity Planners Tell Their Stories.
Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Throgmorton, James A.
1996. Planning as Persuasive Story Telling: The Rhetorical Construction of Chicago’s Electric Future.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Thomas, June Manning, and Marsha Ritzdorf
1997. Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the Shadows.
Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

A packet of readings may be acquired.



SCHEDULE

1. Introduction: Planning as Practice

January 15, 2002

Hall, Peter Geoffrey.
1996. Cities of Tomorrow: An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, chapters 1-3.

Sandercock, Leonie.
1998. "The Difference that Theory Makes." In Towards Cosmopolis: Planning for Multicultural Cities, chapter 4. New York: John Wiley & Sons (In Packet).



2. Planning: A Brief Historical Survey

January 22, 2002

Hall, Peter Geoffrey.
1996. Cities of Tomorrow: An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, chapters 4-9.

Sandercock, Leonie.
1998. "Re/presenting Planning Histories." In Towards Cosmopolis: Planning for Multicultural Cities, chapter 2. New York: John Wiley & Sons (In Packet).



3. Planning and Planning Theory: Historical Roots


a. The Planning/Anti-planning Debate January 29, 2002

Klosterman, Richard
1985. "Arguments For and Against Planning," Town Planning Review 56, 1:5-20 (In Campbell and Fainstein, pp. 150-168).

Harvey, David
1985. "On Planning the Ideology of Planning." In The Urbanization of Capital, pp. 165-184. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press (In Campbell and Fainstein, pp. 176-197).

Fainstein, Susan S., and Norman Fainstein
1996. "City Planning and Political Values: An Updated View." In Readings in Planning Theory, pp. 265-287, edited by Scott Campbell and Susan Fainstein. Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell.

Throgmorton, James A.
1996. Planning as Persuasive Story Telling: The Rhetorical Construction of Chicago’s Electric Future. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 1-34.

Hall, Peter Geoffrey.
1996. Cities of Tomorrow: An Intellectual History of Urban Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, chapters 10-13.


b. Comprehensive, Incremental, or Consensus Planning February 5, 2002

Lindblom, Charles
1959. "The Science of ‘Muddling Through’." Public Administration Review 19: 79-88 (In Campbell and Fainstein, pp. 288-304).

Etzioni, Amitai
1967. "Mixed-scanning: A ‘Third’ Approach to Decision-making." Public Administration Review 27, 5: 385-92 (In Packet).

Innes, Judith E.
1996. "Planning Through Consensus Building: A New View of the Comprehensive Planning Ideal." Journal of the American Planning Association 62, 4: 460-472 (In Packet).

Innes, Judith E., and David E. Booher
1999. "Consensus Building as Role Playing and Bricolage: Toward a Theory of Collaborative Planning." Journal of the American Planning Association 65, 1: 9-26 (In Packet).


Mardi Gras February 12, 2002


c. Equity Planning, Advocacy and Citizen Participation February 19, 2002

Davidoff, Paul
1965. "Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning." Journal of the American Institute of Planners 31, 3: 331-38 (In Campbell and Fainstein, pp. 305-322).

Arnstein, Sherry R.
1969. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation." Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35, 4: 216-24 (In Packet).

Checkoway, Barry et al.
1994. "Paul Davidoff and Advocacy Planning in Retrospect." Journal of the American Planning Association 60, 2: 139-161 (In Packet).

Group Planning Problem/project Justification Presentations Due

d. Race and Equity Planning February 26, 2002

Thomas, June Manning, and Marsha Ritzdorf
1997. "Introduction." In Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the Shadows, pp 1-19, edited by June Manning Thomas and Marsha Ritzdorf. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Silver, Christopher
1997. "The Racial Origins of Zoning in American Cities." In Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the Shadows, pp 23-42, edited by June Manning Thomas and Marsha Ritzdorf. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Connerly, Charles, and Bobby Wilson
1997. "The Roots and Origins of African American Planning in Birmingham, Alabama." In Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the Shadows, pp 201-219, edited by June Manning Thomas and Marsha Ritzdorf. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Krumholz, Norman, and Pierre Clavel
1994. Reinventing Cities: Equity Planners Tell Their Stories. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, chapter 4.
See Review (H-URBAN: December 2, 1994) by Nathan Landau, City of Berkeley, California..



4. Planning Practice and Theory

a. Planning Theory as Practice March 5, 2002

Meck, Stuart
1991. "The Two Cultures of Planning: Toward the New Pragmatism." Land Use Law July: 3-7 (In Packet).

Hoch, Charles
1996. "A Pragmatic Inquiry about Planning and Power." In Explorations in Planning Theory, pp. 30-44, edited by Seymour J. Mandelbaum, Luigi Mazza, and Robert W. Burchell. New Brunswick, N.J.: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University (In Packet).

Hoch, Charles
1996. "What Planners Do in the United States." In Explorations in Planning Theory, pp. 225-240, edited by Seymour J. Mandelbaum, Luigi Mazza, and Robert W. Burchell. New Brunswick, N.J.: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University (In Packet).

Innes, Judith
1995. "Planning Theory’s Emerging Paradigm: Communicative Action and Interactive Practice." Journal of Planning Education and Research 14: 183-189 (In Packet).

b. Planning as Practical Communicative Action March 12, 2002

Healey, Patsy
1992. "Planning Through Debate: The Communicative Turn in Planning Theory." Town Planning Review, 63 (In Campbell and Fainstein, pp. 234-257).

Healey, Patsy
1992. "A Day’s Work: Knowledge and Action in Communicative Practice." Journal of the American Planning Association 58, 1: 9-20. (In Packet)

Lauria, Mickey, and Michael J. Soll
1996. "Communicative Action, Power and Misinformation in a Site Selection Process." Journal of Planning Education and Research 15, 3: 199-211 (In Packet).

Briggs, Xavier de Sousa
1998. "Doing Democracy Up-close: Culture Power and Communication in Community Building." Journal of Planning Education and Research 18, 1: 1-13 (In Packet).

Innes, Judith E., and David E. Booher
1999. "Consensus Building and Complex Adaptive Systems: A Framework for Evaluating Collaborative Planning." Journal of Planning Association 65, 4: 412-423 (In Packet).

Group Planning Problem/project Solution Set Presentations Due



5. The Politics of Planning

a. Communicative Politics March 19, 2002

Throgmorton, James A.
1996. Planning as Persuasive Story Telling: The Rhetorical Construction of Chicago’s Electric Future. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

SPRING VACATION March 26, 2002

b. Negotiation April 2, 2002

Sullivan, Timothy J.
1984. Resolving Development Disputes Through Negotiation. New York.: Plenum Press, chapters 2-4, pp. 27-88 (In Packet).

Fisher, Roger, and William Ury
1983. Getting to Yes. New York: Penguin Books, pp. 101-111 (In Packet).

Forester, John
1996. "Argument, Power, and Passion in Planning Practice." In Explorations in Planning Theory, pp. 241-262, edited by Seymour J. Mandelbaum, Luigi Mazza, and Robert W. Burchell. New Brunswick, N.J.: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University (In Packet).

GAME: Westville


c. Equity, Politics, and Planning Practice April 9, 2002

Krumholz, Norman, and Pierre Clavel
1994. Reinventing Cities: Equity Planners Tell Their Stories. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, chapters 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 10, & 11.



6. Planning Ethics

April 16, 2002

Beatley, Timothy
1994. Ethical Land Use: Principles of Policy and Planning. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

AICP, Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.

Planners Network, Call for Social Responsibility in Planning, Building Professions.



7. Gender, Planning, and Planning Theory

April 23, 2002

MacGregor, Sherilyn.
1995. "Deconstructing the Man Made City: Feminist Critiques of Planning Thought and Action." In Change of Plans: Towards a Non-Sexist Sustainable City, edited by Margrit Eichelr. Toronto: Garamond Press (In Packet).

Campbell, Scott, and Susan Fainstein
1996. "Part V: A Discussion on Gender." In Readings in Planning Theory, chapters 20-25. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers.

Kenney, Moira Rachel.
1998. "Remember, Stonewall Was a Riot: Understanding Gay and Lesbian Experience in the City." In Making the Invisible Visible: A Multicultural Planning History, chapter 5, edited by Leonie Sandercock. Berkeley: University of California Press (In Packet).
See the Review (H-Urban: September 22, 1998) of Making the Invisible Visible by Julie Nicoletta, University of Washington.



8. Whither Planning Theory?

April 30, 2002

Individual Planning Problem/project Essay Presentations Due




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Syllabus prepared for the H-Urban Syllabus Archive 21 October2002.