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Newsletter of the Society for the History of Children and Youth

Number 4
Summer 2004

Youngest Combatants of the Second Civil War: Black Children on the Front Lines of Public School Desegregation

References

Memoirs
Beals, Melba Patillo. Warriors Don’t Cry: A Searing Memoir of the Battle to Integrate Little Rock’s Central High. New York: Pocket Books/Simon and Schuster, 1994.

Bradley, Josephine Ophelia Boyd. “Wearing My Name: School Desegregation, Greensboro, North Carolina, 1954–1958.” Ph.D. dissertation, Emory University, 1995.

Fisher, Betty Kilby. Wit, Will and Walls. Euless, Tex.: Cultural Innovations, 2002.

Stuhldreher, John. “It’s Just Me . . .”: The Integration of the Arlington Public Schools. A one-hour film, produced by Arlington Educational Television, 2001, consisting of interviews related to the moment when four black students in Virginia entered Stratford Junior High School on 2 February 1959.

Webb, Sheyann, and Rachel West Nelson, as told to Frank Sikora. Selma, Lord, Selma: Childhood Memories of the Civil-Rights Days. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1980.

Other Sources

Baker, Liva. The Second Battle of New Orleans: The Hundred-Year Struggle to Integrate the Schools. New York: HarperCollins, 1996.

Burt, Robert A. The Constitution in Conflict. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.

Cecelski, David S. Along Freedom Road: Hyde County, North Carolina, and the Fate of Black Schools in the South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.

Chafe, William H. Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.

Coles, Robert. Children of Crisis: A Study in Courage and Fear. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1967.

Cottrol, Robert J., Raymond T. Diamond, and Leland B. Ware. Brown v. Board of Education: Caste, Culture, and the Constitution. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003.

Curry, Constance. Silver Rights. Chapel Hill: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 1995. Recounts the Carter family’s experience in Sunflower County, Mississippi.

Douglas, Davison M. Reading, Writing, and Race: The Desegregation of the Charlotte Schools. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.

Fairclough, Adam. Race and Democracy: The Civil Rights Struggle in Louisiana, 1915–1972. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1995.

Gaillard, Frye. The Dream Long Deferred. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988. A discerning journalist’s account of developments in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Halberstam, David. The Children. Random House, 1998. A study of the 1960 sit-ins.

Irons, Peter. Jim Crow’s Children: The Broken Promise of the Brown Decision. New York: Viking, 2002.

Jackson, Donald W. Even the Children of Strangers: Equality under the U.S. Constitution. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992.

Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America’s Struggle for Equality. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1976, 2004.

Lassiter Matthew D., and Andrew B. Lewis, eds. The Moderates' Dilemma: Massive Resistance to School Desegregation in Virginia. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998.

Mills, Nicolaus. Like a Holy Crusade: Mississippi 1964—The Turning Point of the Civil Rights Movement in America. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1992.

Patterson, James T. Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Rockwell, Norman. “The Problem We All Live With.” Look magazine illustration, 14 January 1964.

Wallenstein, Peter. Blue Laws and Black Codes: Conflict, Courts, and Change in Twentieth-Century Virginia. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2004.

Wallenstein, Peter. “Brown v. Board of Education (1954) in the Stream of U.S. History: The View from Virginia, 1930s–1960s.” Virginia Social Science Journal 39 (2004): 1–12. Includes suggested classroom activities.

Wallenstein, Peter. “Naming Names: Identifying and Commemorating the First African American Students on ‘White’ Campuses in the South, 1935–1972.” College Student Affairs Journal 20 (Fall 2000): 131–39.

Woodward, C. Vann. The Strange Career of Jim Crow. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955, 1957, 1966, 1974, 2002.

Wallenstein Home
Part 2: The Second Civil War

Part 3: Josephine boyd, Greensboro, North Carolina
Part 4: Betty Ann Kilby, Warren County, Virginia
Part 5: Ruth Carter and her Siblings in Mississippi
Part 6: "Desegregation": More Than a Black Student Entering a White World