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The stagnancy, that is usually, portrayed by media reports and stereotypical scholarly analysis manifest apathy towards the otherwise vibrant and dynamic Pakhtun society. The dynamism and flux in Pakhtun society is a function of historical processes, economic change and political reforms. Therefore, there is a need to focus on these processes of change and their consequences which are presumed to be comprehensive in their scope. Nevertheless, the processes of change, the forms it takes and the product thereof, need thorough investigation.
Broader themes include:
a. Identity maintenance and reconstruction, transformation in cultural features, ethnic and national sense of belonging;
b. Transformation in economic structures and relations, processes of globalization and integration into the state economy, poverty and its dynamics;
c. Change in power relations, formal and informal institutional arrangements, multilevel governance, processes of national integration and changes in electoral processes;
d. Religion as a faith and lived experience, religious discourses, religious conservatism and militancy, religious change;
e. Gender and culture, masculinity and Pakhtun society.
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